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Romans 5.1-11 is a Pauline logic with a strong message of reconciliation. The language of justification is here transformed into the language of reconciliation. Both justification and reconciliation are identical in Paul's thought, though the nuance is different. The pericope is devided into two parts (vv. 1-5 and vv. 6-11). Unlike the conventional Pauline arguments, the theological apex (vv. 6-11) was written after the ethical/moral exhortation (vv. 1-5).
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Let us therefore begin with vv. 6-11. The death of Jesus (or 'Jesus died for us') at least is mentioned three times in these 6 verses. The three times appearance of the phrase indicates the weight of it in the whole argument. The death of Jesus is the subject who, and at the same time the means which brings about reconciliation available and possible. What kind of reconciliation did Paul discuss in this passage? (1) Reconciliation between weak human being and perfect God; (2) Reconciliation between sinful human being and holy God; (3) Reconciliation between God's enemies and God himself.
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The cross reconciles the two parties in conflict.The immediate result of the cross is justification. Being justified, we are free from the wrath of God. We are saved and now no longer stand as the enemies of God. We are reconciled and God is now on our side. The amazing highlight in this narrative of reconciliation is the timing of the cross. Jesus died for us when we were still weak, sinners and enemies. None of those three categories validate us to boast in our own SELF. We were not deserved to receive the glorious blessing of salvation, but God made it possible through the blood of Jesus. The grace of God knows no boundaries; The grace of God reaches the weak, the sinners and even the enemies.
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In verses 1-5, Paul wrote about suffering. Why did Paul write about suffering in this reconciliation passage. It may serve as (1) a reflection on the suffering and death of Jesus which dominates argument; (2) an encouragement to the Romans who underwent both spontaneous and systematic suffering; (3) a prophecy that the Romans will face a near future suffering; (4) a reminder that being reconciled with God does not free the Romans from earthly suffering; (5) an emphasis that suffering is none but a gift that leads towards maturity (suffering --> endurance --> character --> hope); (6) an invitation to always lean and depend on God.
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Reconciliation frees us and saves us from the wrath of God. We now are in peace with God. We are no longer his enemies. God is with us. Reconciliation however does not free us from worldly suffering. When suffering is real to us, we are reminded of the real hope of our salvation sealed by the Holy Spirit. Paul's argument is therefore: God has given the most precious gift he can give: God's only Son, Jesus Christ died for us. The death of Jesus has transformed our futile life into a life that is meaningful. Suffering is nothing but a reminder that first of all, Jesus has suffered and died in our place to bring about a life that is full of hope.
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